Writing Hooks

Overview

Writing hooks IS creating automated quality gates.

Hooks run on Claude Code events (PreToolUse, PostToolUse, etc.) and can block actions with exit code 2.

Core principle: Hooks enforce what humans forget. Fast checks only—slow hooks kill productivity.

Violating the letter of the rules is violating the spirit of the rules.

Task Initialization (MANDATORY)

Before ANY action, create task list using TaskCreate:

TaskCreate for EACH task below:
- Subject: "[writing-hooks] Task N: <action>"
- ActiveForm: "<doing action>"

Tasks:

1. Analyze requirements
2. RED - Test without hook
3. GREEN - Write hook script
4. Configure settings.json
5. Validate behavior
6. Test blocking
7. REFACTOR - Quality review

Announce: "Created 7 tasks. Starting execution..."

Execution rules:

1. TaskUpdate status="in_progress" BEFORE starting each task
2. TaskUpdate status="completed" ONLY after verification passes
3. If task fails → stay in_progress, diagnose, retry
4. NEVER skip to next task until current is completed
5. At end, TaskList to confirm all completed

TDD Mapping for Hooks

Task 1: Analyze Requirements

Goal: Understand what quality gate to create.

Questions to answer:

• What violation should be blocked?
• Which files should be checked?
• What tool/command performs the check?
• What event triggers the hook?

Event Selection:

Verification: Can describe the violation and the command to detect it.

Task 2: RED - Test Without Hook

Goal: Write code WITHOUT the hook. Observe violations that slip through.

Process:

1. Ask agent to write code in the target file type
2. Intentionally introduce the violation (bad format, type error, etc.)
3. Observe that Claude Code doesn't catch it
4. Document the specific violation

Verification: Documented at least 1 violation that should have been caught.

Task 3: GREEN - Write Hook Script

Goal: Create Python script that catches the violations you documented.

Hook Structure

.claude/hooks/
├── eslint_check.py
├── prettier_check.py
└── typecheck.py

Exit Code Contract

Hook Template

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Hook: [Description]"""
import json
import subprocess
import sys

# Read hook input
data = json.load(sys.stdin)
file_path = data.get('tool_input', {}).get('file_path', '')

# Filter by extension
if not file_path.endswith(('.ts', '.tsx', '.js', '.jsx')):
    sys.exit(0)

# Run check
result = subprocess.run(
    ['npx', 'eslint', '--format', 'compact', file_path],
    capture_output=True,
    text=True
)

# Block on failure
if result.returncode != 0:
    print(f"Lint errors:\\n{result.stdout}", file=sys.stderr)
    sys.exit(2)  # BLOCK

sys.exit(0)  # PASS

Critical Requirements

• Fast - Under 5 seconds, hooks run synchronously
• Filter files - Only check relevant extensions
• Limit output - First 5-10 errors, not all
• Use Python - Cross-platform, wrapped shell commands

Verification:

• Script is executable (chmod +x)
• Returns exit code 0 for valid files
• Returns exit code 2 for violations
• Runs under 5 seconds

Task 4: Configure settings.json

Goal: Register hook in .claude/settings.json.

CRITICAL: Use .claude/settings.json, NOT settings.local.json. Settings are team-shared.

Configuration Format

{
  "hooks": {
    "PostToolUse": [
      {
        "matcher": "Write|Edit",
        "hooks": [{
          "type": "command",
          "command": "\"$CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR\"/.claude/hooks/eslint_check.py",
          "timeout": 30
        }]
      }
    ]
  }
}

Matcher Patterns

Verification:

• Hook registered in correct event
• Matcher targets correct tools
• Command path uses $CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR
• Timeout is reasonable (5-30 seconds)

Task 5: Validate Behavior

Goal: Verify hook script works correctly.

Test command:

echo '{"tool_input":{"file_path":"test.ts"}}' | .claude/hooks/your_hook.py
echo $?  # Should be 0 (pass) or 2 (block)

Checklist:

• Valid file returns exit code 0
• Invalid file returns exit code 2
• Errors go to stderr, info to stdout
• Completes under 5 seconds

Verification: Manual test passes for both valid and invalid inputs.

Task 6: Test Blocking

Goal: Verify hook actually blocks bad code in Claude Code.

Process:

1. Ask Claude to write code with the violation
2. Observe hook blocks the action
3. Verify error message is fed back to Claude
4. Claude should fix and retry

Verification:

• Hook blocks violating code
• Claude receives feedback and fixes the issue

Task 7: REFACTOR - Quality Review

Goal: Have hook reviewed by hook-reviewer subagent.

Agent tool:
- subagent_type: "rcc:hook-reviewer"
- prompt: "Review hook at [path/to/hook] with settings at [path/to/.claude/settings.json]"

Outcomes:

• Pass → Hook complete
• Needs Fix → Fix issues, re-run reviewer, repeat until Pass
• Fail → Major problems, return to Task 3

This is the REFACTOR phase: Close loopholes identified by reviewer.

Verification: hook-reviewer returns "Pass" rating.

Common Hook Patterns

See references/static-checks.md for linting, type checking, and auto-fix examples.

Red Flags - STOP

These thoughts mean you're rationalizing. STOP and reconsider:

• "Hooks are overkill for this project"
• "I'll just remember to run linting"
• "5 seconds is too strict"
• "Check all files, not just changed ones"
• "Skip testing, the logic is simple"
• "Use settings.local.json for team hooks"

All of these mean: You're about to create a weak hook. Follow the process.

Common Rationalizations

Flowchart: Hook Creation

digraph hook_creation {
    rankdir=TB;

    start [label="Need hook", shape=doublecircle];
    analyze [label="Task 1: Analyze\nrequirements", shape=box];
    baseline [label="Task 2: RED\nTest without hook", shape=box, style=filled, fillcolor="#ffcccc"];
    write [label="Task 3: GREEN\nWrite hook script", shape=box, style=filled, fillcolor="#ccffcc"];
    config [label="Task 4: Configure\nsettings.json", shape=box];
    validate [label="Task 5: Validate\nbehavior", shape=box];
    validate_pass [label="Tests\npassed?", shape=diamond];
    test [label="Task 6: Test\nblocking", shape=box];
    review [label="Task 7: REFACTOR\nQuality review", shape=box, style=filled, fillcolor="#ccccff"];
    review_pass [label="Review\npassed?", shape=diamond];
    done [label="Hook complete", shape=doublecircle];

    start -> analyze;
    analyze -> baseline;
    baseline -> write;
    write -> config;
    config -> validate;
    validate -> validate_pass;
    validate_pass -> test [label="yes"];
    validate_pass -> write [label="no"];
    test -> review;
    review -> review_pass;
    review_pass -> done [label="pass"];
    review_pass -> write [label="fail\nfix issues"];
}

References

• references/static-checks.md - Complete hook examples
• references/events.md - Hook events reference