// Branded type for domain modeling
type Brand<T, B extends string> = T & { readonly __brand: B };
type UserId  = Brand<string, "UserId">;
type OrderId = Brand<number, "OrderId">;

const toUserId  = (id: string): UserId  => id as UserId;
const toOrderId = (id: number): OrderId => id as OrderId;

// Usage — prevents accidental id mix-ups at compile time
function getOrder(userId: UserId, orderId: OrderId) { /* ... */ }

type LoadingState = { status: "loading" };
type SuccessState = { status: "success"; data: string[] };
type ErrorState   = { status: "error";   error: Error };
type RequestState = LoadingState | SuccessState | ErrorState;

// Type predicate guard
function isSuccess(state: RequestState): state is SuccessState {
  return state.status === "success";
}

// Exhaustive switch with discriminated union
function renderState(state: RequestState): string {
  switch (state.status) {
    case "loading": return "Loading…";
    case "success": return state.data.join(", ");
    case "error":   return state.error.message;
    default: {
      const _exhaustive: never = state;
      throw new Error(`Unhandled state: ${_exhaustive}`);
    }
  }
}

// Deep readonly — immutable nested objects
type DeepReadonly<T> = {
  readonly [K in keyof T]: T[K] extends object ? DeepReadonly<T[K]> : T[K];
};

// Require exactly one of a set of keys
type RequireExactlyOne<T, Keys extends keyof T = keyof T> =
  Pick<T, Exclude<keyof T, Keys>> &
  { [K in Keys]-?: Required<Pick<T, K>> & Partial<Record<Exclude<Keys, K>, never>> }[Keys];

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "ES2022",
    "module": "NodeNext",
    "moduleResolution": "NodeNext",
    "strict": true,
    "noUncheckedIndexedAccess": true,
    "noImplicitOverride": true,
    "exactOptionalPropertyTypes": true,
    "isolatedModules": true,
    "declaration": true,
    "declarationMap": true,
    "incremental": true,
    "skipLibCheck": false
  }
}