Skill: Temporal Parameter Staleness Analysis

Type: Thought-template (instantiate before use) Research basis: Cached parameters in multi-step operations become stale when governance changes them mid-operation

Trigger Patterns

interval|epoch|period|duration|delay|cooldown|lockPeriod|timelock|
unbondingPeriod|claimDelay|withdrawDelay|maturityTime

Reasoning Template

Step 1: Enumerate Multi-Step Operations

Find all operations that span multiple transactions:

For each multi-step operation:

• What parameters are read/cached at Step 1?
• What parameters are re-read at Step N?
• What parameters are used but NOT re-read at Step N?

Step 2: Identify Cached Parameters

For each parameter used across steps:

Red flags: Parameter is cached at Step 1 AND governance-changeable AND NOT re-validated at Step N.

Step 3: Model Staleness Impact

For each cached parameter that can become stale:

Scenario A: Parameter INCREASES between steps
1. User initiates at Step 1 with param = X
2. Governance changes param to X + delta
3. User completes at Step N
4. Impact: {what happens with stale value X when current is X + delta}

Scenario B: Parameter DECREASES between steps
1. User initiates at Step 1 with param = X
2. Governance changes param to X - delta
3. User completes at Step N
4. Impact: {what happens with stale value X when current is X - delta}

BOTH directions are mandatory -- increase and decrease often have different impacts.

Step 3b: Update Source Audit

For each parameter updated from an external source:

• Is the source (e.g., balanceOf, oracle, timestamp) the correct representation of what this parameter tracks?
• Should this parameter be fixed for a period (e.g., per epoch, per cycle) rather than continuously refreshed?
• Which functions update it? Which functions SHOULD update it? Any mismatch?

Step 4: Retroactive Application Analysis

For fee/rate parameters that apply to existing state:

Pattern: Fee changes that affect already-accrued rewards or already-initiated operations are retroactive.

Step 5: Assess Severity

For each staleness issue:

• Who is affected? (single user, all users with pending operations, protocol)
• Is the impact bounded? (capped by fee range, max delay, etc.)
• Can it be exploited intentionally? (governance front-running)
• Is there a recovery path? (re-initiate, admin override)

Key Questions (must answer all)

1. What multi-step operations exist? (request/claim, deposit/lock/withdraw, propose/vote/execute)
2. For each cached parameter: can governance change it between steps?
3. What happens if a delay DECREASES after initiation? (users locked longer than necessary)
4. What happens if a delay INCREASES after initiation? (users can claim too early)
5. Are fees applied retroactively to existing positions or only to new ones?
6. Is there a maximum parameter range that bounds the staleness impact?

Common False Positives

• Immutable parameters: If the parameter cannot be changed after deployment, no staleness
• Bounded ranges: If min/max bounds limit the change magnitude, impact may be Low
• User can re-initiate: If users can cancel and restart with new parameters, reduced severity
• Timelock protection: If parameter changes require timelock, users have time to react

Instantiation Parameters

{CONTRACTS}           - Contracts to analyze
{MULTI_STEP_OPS}      - Identified multi-step operations
{CACHED_PARAMS}       - Parameters cached at initiation
{GOVERNANCE_PARAMS}   - Governance-changeable parameters
{DELAY_PARAMS}        - Delay/cooldown parameters
{FEE_PARAMS}          - Fee/rate parameters that may apply retroactively

Output Schema

Step Execution Checklist (MANDATORY)

Cross-Reference Markers

After Step 2: If cached parameters are governance-changeable -> MUST complete Step 3 with BOTH increase and decrease scenarios.

After Step 4: Cross-reference with SEMI_TRUSTED_ROLES.md for admin functions that change these parameters.