<!-- force-app/main/default/permissionsets/Order_Manager.permissionset-meta.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<PermissionSet xmlns="http://soap.sforce.com/2006/04/metadata">
    <label>Order Manager</label>
    <description>Full CRUD on Order__c, read on Account</description>
    <hasActivationRequired>false</hasActivationRequired>
    <license>Salesforce</license>
    <objectPermissions>
        <object>Order__c</object>
        <allowCreate>true</allowCreate>
        <allowDelete>false</allowDelete>
        <allowEdit>true</allowEdit>
        <allowRead>true</allowRead>
        <modifyAllRecords>false</modifyAllRecords>
        <viewAllRecords>true</viewAllRecords>
    </objectPermissions>
    <fieldPermissions>
        <field>Order__c.Amount__c</field>
        <editable>true</editable>
        <readable>true</readable>
    </fieldPermissions>
    <tabSettings>
        <tab>Order__c</tab>
        <visibility>Visible</visibility>
    </tabSettings>
    <classAccesses>
        <apexClass>OrderService</apexClass>
        <enabled>true</enabled>
    </classAccesses>
    <pageAccesses>
        <apexPage>OrderEntryPage</apexPage>
        <enabled>true</enabled>
    </pageAccesses>
    <customPermissions>
        <name>Bypass_Validation</name>
        <enabled>true</enabled>
    </customPermissions>
    <userPermissions>
        <name>RunReports</name>
        <enabled>true</enabled>
    </userPermissions>
</PermissionSet>

<!-- force-app/main/default/permissionsetgroups/Sales_Team.permissionsetgroup-meta.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<PermissionSetGroup xmlns="http://soap.sforce.com/2006/04/metadata">
    <label>Sales Team</label>
    <description>All permissions needed by sales reps</description>
    <status>Updated</status>
    <permissionSets>
        <permissionSet>Account_Reader</permissionSet>
        <permissionSet>Opportunity_Manager</permissionSet>
        <permissionSet>Report_Viewer</permissionSet>
    </permissionSets>
    <mutingPermissionSet>Sales_Team_Muting</mutingPermissionSet>
</PermissionSetGroup>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<PermissionSet xmlns="http://soap.sforce.com/2006/04/metadata">
    <label>Sales Team Muting</label>
    <description>Removes delete access granted by Opportunity_Manager</description>
    <objectPermissions>
        <object>Opportunity</object>
        <allowDelete>true</allowDelete>
        <!-- "true" in a muting PS means MUTE this permission -->
    </objectPermissions>
</PermissionSet>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Profile xmlns="http://soap.sforce.com/2006/04/metadata">
    <custom>true</custom>
    <description>Minimal profile - all access via Permission Sets</description>
    <userLicense>Salesforce</userLicense>
    <loginHours>
        <mondayStart>480</mondayStart>
        <mondayEnd>1080</mondayEnd>
    </loginHours>
    <layoutAssignments>
        <layout>Account-Account Layout</layout>
    </layoutAssignments>
</Profile>

Read ─── required for ──→ Edit ─── required for ──→ Delete
 │                          │
 └── viewAllRecords         └── modifyAllRecords
     (bypasses sharing)         (bypasses sharing + ownership)

-- Field permissions for a permission set
SELECT SobjectType, Field, PermissionsRead, PermissionsEdit
FROM FieldPermissions WHERE Parent.Name = 'Order_Manager'

-- Fields a user can edit (across all permission sets)
SELECT SobjectType, Field, PermissionsRead, PermissionsEdit
FROM FieldPermissions WHERE ParentId IN (
    SELECT PermissionSetId FROM PermissionSetAssignment
    WHERE AssigneeId = '005xx000001234AAA'
)

-- Who can edit a sensitive field?
SELECT Parent.Label, Parent.IsOwnedByProfile
FROM FieldPermissions
WHERE Field = 'Contact.SSN__c' AND PermissionsEdit = true

<!-- force-app/main/default/customPermissions/Can_Export_Data.customPermission-meta.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<CustomPermission xmlns="http://soap.sforce.com/2006/04/metadata">
    <label>Can Export Data</label>
    <description>Allows user to export data from custom UI</description>
    <isLicensed>false</isLicensed>
</CustomPermission>

if (FeatureManagement.checkPermission('Can_Export_Data')) {
    // user has the custom permission
}

import hasExportPermission from '@salesforce/customPermission/Can_Export_Data';

-- All users assigned a permission set
SELECT Assignee.Name, Assignee.Username, Assignee.IsActive
FROM PermissionSetAssignment WHERE PermissionSet.Name = 'Order_Manager'

-- All permission sets for a user (excluding profile-based)
SELECT PermissionSet.Label, PermissionSet.Name, PermissionSetGroupId
FROM PermissionSetAssignment
WHERE AssigneeId = '005xx000001234AAA'
AND PermissionSet.IsOwnedByProfile = false

-- Who has Delete on an object?
SELECT Parent.Label, Parent.IsOwnedByProfile,
       PermissionsDelete, PermissionsViewAllRecords, PermissionsModifyAllRecords
FROM ObjectPermissions
WHERE SobjectType = 'Account' AND PermissionsDelete = true

-- Over-privileged check: ModifyAll on any object
SELECT Parent.Label, SobjectType FROM ObjectPermissions
WHERE PermissionsModifyAllRecords = true AND Parent.IsOwnedByProfile = false

-- Who has access to an Apex class?
SELECT Parent.Label FROM SetupEntityAccess
WHERE SetupEntityType = 'ApexClass'
AND SetupEntityId IN (SELECT Id FROM ApexClass WHERE Name = 'OrderService')

-- Connected App access
SELECT Parent.Label FROM SetupEntityAccess
WHERE SetupEntityType = 'ConnectedApplication'
AND SetupEntityId IN (SELECT Id FROM ConnectedApplication WHERE Name = 'DataLoader')

-- Permission sets in a group
SELECT PermissionSetGroup.MasterLabel, PermissionSet.Label
FROM PermissionSetGroupComponent
WHERE PermissionSetGroup.MasterLabel = 'Sales Team'

-- Groups containing a permission set
SELECT PermissionSetGroup.MasterLabel FROM PermissionSetGroupComponent
WHERE PermissionSet.Name = 'Opportunity_Manager'

SELECT Parent.Label FROM ObjectPermissions
WHERE SobjectType = 'TargetObject__c' AND PermissionsEdit = true
AND ParentId IN (
    SELECT PermissionSetId FROM PermissionSetAssignment WHERE AssigneeId = :userId
)

# Quick CLI diagnosis
sf data query -q "SELECT PermissionSet.Label, PermissionSet.Name \
  FROM PermissionSetAssignment \
  WHERE Assignee.Username = '[email protected]' \
  AND PermissionSet.IsOwnedByProfile = false" --target-org myOrg

1. Record owner? → Full access
2. Above owner in role hierarchy? → Access per OWD
3. Sharing rules? → Read or Read/Write
4. Apex managed sharing? → Read or Read/Write
5. View All / Modify All on object? → Bypasses sharing
6. View All Data / Modify All Data? → Full access