Agent skill

react-component-architecture

Modern React component patterns with hooks, composition, and TypeScript

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SKILL.md

React Component Architecture

Component Design Principles

  1. Single Responsibility - Each component does one thing well
  2. Composition Over Configuration - Use children and render props over prop drilling
  3. Colocation - Keep related code together (styles, tests, types)
  4. Controlled vs Uncontrolled - Be explicit about state ownership

Component Patterns

Compound Components

For complex UI with shared state:

typescript
const Tabs = ({ children, defaultValue }: TabsProps) => {
  const [active, setActive] = useState(defaultValue);
  return (
    <TabsContext.Provider value={{ active, setActive }}>
      {children}
    </TabsContext.Provider>
  );
};

Tabs.List = TabsList;
Tabs.Trigger = TabsTrigger;
Tabs.Content = TabsContent;

Render Props for Flexibility

When consumers need control over rendering:

typescript
interface ListProps<T> {
  items: T[];
  renderItem: (item: T, index: number) => ReactNode;
  keyExtractor: (item: T) => string;
}

function List<T>({ items, renderItem, keyExtractor }: ListProps<T>) {
  return items.map((item, i) => (
    <Fragment key={keyExtractor(item)}>{renderItem(item, i)}</Fragment>
  ));
}

Custom Hooks for Logic Extraction

Extract reusable stateful logic:

typescript
function useToggle(initial = false) {
  const [state, setState] = useState(initial);
  const toggle = useCallback(() => setState(s => !s), []);
  const setTrue = useCallback(() => setState(true), []);
  const setFalse = useCallback(() => setState(false), []);
  return { state, toggle, setTrue, setFalse } as const;
}

Polymorphic Components

Components that render as different elements:

typescript
type PolymorphicProps<E extends ElementType> = {
  as?: E;
} & ComponentPropsWithoutRef<E>;

function Box<E extends ElementType = 'div'>({
  as,
  ...props
}: PolymorphicProps<E>) {
  const Component = as || 'div';
  return <Component {...props} />;
}

Props Patterns

Discriminated Union Props

For mutually exclusive prop combinations:

typescript
type ButtonProps =
  | { variant: 'link'; href: string; onClick?: never }
  | { variant: 'button'; onClick: () => void; href?: never };

Default Props with Destructuring

typescript
function Button({
  variant = 'primary',
  size = 'md',
  ...props
}: ButtonProps) {
  // ...
}

Performance Patterns

  1. Memoize expensive computations with useMemo
  2. Memoize callbacks passed to children with useCallback
  3. Split contexts by update frequency
  4. Use React.memo for pure presentational components
  5. Virtualize long lists with react-virtual or similar

File Structure

components/
  Button/
    Button.tsx        # Component
    Button.test.tsx   # Tests
    Button.types.ts   # Types (if complex)
    index.ts          # Re-export

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