Agent skill

python-scala-syntax-mapping

Reference guide for translating Python syntax constructs to Scala equivalents. Use when converting Python code to Scala and need mappings for basic syntax elements like variable declarations, control flow, comprehensions, string formatting, and common operators.

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SKILL.md

Python to Scala Syntax Mapping

Variable Declarations

Python Scala
x = 5 val x = 5 (immutable) or var x = 5 (mutable)
x: int = 5 val x: Int = 5
x, y = 1, 2 val (x, y) = (1, 2)

Prefer val over var unless mutation is required.

Type Mappings

Python Scala
int Int
float Double
str String
bool Boolean
None None (of type Option) or null
list[T] List[T] or Seq[T]
dict[K, V] Map[K, V]
set[T] Set[T]
tuple[A, B] (A, B) or Tuple2[A, B]
Optional[T] Option[T]

Control Flow

Conditionals

python
# Python
if x > 0:
    result = "positive"
elif x < 0:
    result = "negative"
else:
    result = "zero"
scala
// Scala - if is an expression
val result = if (x > 0) "positive"
             else if (x < 0) "negative"
             else "zero"

Loops

python
# Python for loop
for i in range(10):
    print(i)

for item in items:
    process(item)

for i, item in enumerate(items):
    print(f"{i}: {item}")
scala
// Scala equivalents
for (i <- 0 until 10) println(i)

for (item <- items) process(item)

for ((item, i) <- items.zipWithIndex) println(s"$i: $item")

While loops

python
# Python
while condition:
    do_something()
scala
// Scala
while (condition) {
  doSomething()
}

Comprehensions

python
# Python list comprehension
squares = [x ** 2 for x in range(10)]
evens = [x for x in numbers if x % 2 == 0]
pairs = [(x, y) for x in xs for y in ys]
scala
// Scala for-comprehensions or map/filter
val squares = (0 until 10).map(x => x * x).toList
val evens = numbers.filter(_ % 2 == 0)
val pairs = for { x <- xs; y <- ys } yield (x, y)

Functions

python
# Python
def add(a: int, b: int) -> int:
    return a + b

# Lambda
square = lambda x: x ** 2

# Default arguments
def greet(name: str, greeting: str = "Hello") -> str:
    return f"{greeting}, {name}!"
scala
// Scala
def add(a: Int, b: Int): Int = a + b

// Lambda
val square: Int => Int = x => x * x
// or shorter: val square = (x: Int) => x * x

// Default arguments
def greet(name: String, greeting: String = "Hello"): String =
  s"$greeting, $name!"

String Formatting

Python Scala
f"Hello, {name}!" s"Hello, $name!"
f"Value: {x:.2f}" f"Value: $x%.2f"
f"{x + y}" s"${x + y}"

Common Operators

Python Scala
** (power) math.pow(x, y) or use scala.math.pow
// (floor div) x / y (for Int) or math.floor(x / y)
% (modulo) %
and, or, not &&, `
in .contains()
is eq (reference equality)
== == (value equality)

Exception Handling

python
# Python
try:
    result = risky_operation()
except ValueError as e:
    handle_error(e)
finally:
    cleanup()
scala
// Scala
import scala.util.{Try, Success, Failure}

// Pattern 1: try-catch
try {
  val result = riskyOperation()
} catch {
  case e: IllegalArgumentException => handleError(e)
} finally {
  cleanup()
}

// Pattern 2: Try monad (preferred for functional style)
val result = Try(riskyOperation()) match {
  case Success(value) => value
  case Failure(e) => handleError(e)
}

None/Null Handling

python
# Python
if value is None:
    return default
return process(value)

# Or
result = value if value is not None else default
scala
// Scala - use Option
val result = optionValue match {
  case Some(v) => process(v)
  case None => default
}

// Or more concisely
val result = optionValue.map(process).getOrElse(default)

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