Agent skill
Procedural Normal Map Generation for ZX
Generate normal maps for ZX 3D meshes using Python + NumPy. **Triggers:** "generate normal map", "normal map", "bump map", "surface detail", "height to normal". **Before generating:** Check `.studio/visual-style.md` for relief intensity. **Load references when:** - Height-to-normal algorithms → `references/normal-map-generation.md` - Pattern generators (bricks, tiles, scratches) → `references/pattern-generators.md` - BC5 format, 2-channel encoding → `references/bc5-format.md` - Mesh integration, FFI usage → `references/integration-guide.md` **Related skills:** - ALBEDO/MRE/SSE: `procedural-textures` - MESH with tangents: `procedural-meshes`
Install this agent skill to your Project
npx add-skill https://github.com/majiayu000/claude-skill-registry/tree/main/skills/other/procedural-normal-maps
SKILL.md
Procedural Normal Map Generation
Generate tangent-space normal maps for surface detail without increasing geometry.
pip install pillow numpy pyfastnoiselite
Output Requirements
- Format: PNG (RGB or RG)
- Resolution: Power of 2 (64, 128, 256, 512 max)
- Naming:
*_normal.png(triggers auto-BC5 compression) - Color Space: Linear (NOT sRGB)
What Normal Maps Do
| Benefit | Cost |
|---|---|
| Per-pixel lighting detail | +4 bytes/vertex (tangents) |
| Scratches, pores, fabric weave | Texture slot 3 |
| Enhanced specular/shadows | BC5: (w*h)/2 bytes |
Tangent Space Channels
| Channel | Axis | Range | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| R | X (tangent) | 0-255 → [-1, 1] | Left/Right |
| G | Y (bitangent) | 0-255 → [-1, 1] | Up/Down |
| B | Z (normal) | Reconstructed | Forward |
Neutral: RGB(128, 128, 255) = no deviation
Z reconstructed in shader: z = sqrt(1 - x² - y²)
Spec-Based Workflow
Create .spec.py in .studio/specs/normals/:
NORMAL = {
"normal": {
"name": "brick_wall",
"size": [256, 256],
"method": "from_pattern",
"pattern": {
"type": "bricks",
"brick_size": [64, 32],
"mortar_depth": 0.35
},
"processing": {"strength": 1.2}
}
}
Run: python .studio/generate.py --only normals
Pattern types: bricks, tiles, hexagons, noise, scratches, rivets, weave
Height to Normal (Quick)
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
def height_to_normal(height_map: np.ndarray, strength: float = 1.0) -> np.ndarray:
dx = np.roll(height_map, -1, axis=1) - np.roll(height_map, 1, axis=1)
dy = np.roll(height_map, -1, axis=0) - np.roll(height_map, 1, axis=0)
dx *= strength; dy *= strength
normal = np.zeros((*height_map.shape, 3), dtype=np.float32)
normal[:, :, 0] = -dx
normal[:, :, 1] = -dy
normal[:, :, 2] = 1.0
length = np.maximum(np.sqrt(np.sum(normal**2, axis=2, keepdims=True)), 1e-8)
normal /= length
return ((normal + 1.0) * 0.5 * 255).astype(np.uint8)
See references/pattern-generators.md for brick, tile, scratch, rivet patterns.
Strength Guidelines
| Material | Strength |
|---|---|
| Smooth plastic | 0.3 |
| Fabric/cloth | 0.5-0.8 |
| Stone/concrete | 1.0 |
| Brick/tile | 1.0-1.5 |
| Metal scratches | 1.5-2.5 |
Memory Budget
| Resolution | BC5 Size |
|---|---|
| 64x64 | 2 KB |
| 128x128 | 8 KB |
| 256x256 | 32 KB |
| 512x512 | 128 KB |
Integration Checklist
- Mesh has tangent data (
export_tangents=True) - Mesh has UVs
- Mesh has normals
- Texture named
*_normal.png - FFI binds normal map
See references/integration-guide.md for complete workflow.
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