Agent skill
dotnet-async
.NET 비동기 프로그래밍 패턴 (Task, ValueTask, ConfigureAwait)
Install this agent skill to your Project
npx add-skill https://github.com/majiayu000/claude-skill-registry/tree/main/skills/other/dotnet-async
SKILL.md
.NET 비동기 프로그래밍
효율적인 비동기 프로그래밍을 위한 API 및 패턴 가이드입니다.
1. 핵심 API
| API | 용도 |
|---|---|
Task |
비동기 작업 (반환값 없음) |
Task<T> |
비동기 작업 (반환값 있음) |
ValueTask<T> |
고빈도 호출 최적화 |
IAsyncEnumerable<T> |
비동기 스트림 |
2. Task vs ValueTask
2.1 Task 사용 시점
- 대부분의 비동기 작업
- 항상 실제 비동기 작업이 발생하는 경우
2.2 ValueTask 사용 시점
- 동기적 완료가 빈번한 경우 (캐시 히트)
- 고빈도 호출 메서드
// 캐시 히트가 빈번한 경우 ValueTask 사용
public ValueTask<Data> GetDataAsync(string key)
{
if (_cache.TryGetValue(key, out var cached))
{
// 동기적 반환 (Heap 할당 없음)
return new ValueTask<Data>(cached);
}
// 비동기 작업 필요 시
return new ValueTask<Data>(LoadFromDbAsync(key));
}
2.3 ValueTask 주의사항
// ❌ 나쁜 예: ValueTask를 여러 번 await
var task = GetDataAsync("key");
var result1 = await task;
var result2 = await task; // 오류 발생 가능!
// ✅ 좋은 예: 한 번만 await
var result = await GetDataAsync("key");
3. ConfigureAwait
// 라이브러리에서는 ConfigureAwait(false) 사용
public async Task<string> FetchDataAsync()
{
var response = await _httpClient.GetAsync(url)
.ConfigureAwait(false);
return await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync()
.ConfigureAwait(false);
}
4. 비동기 스트림 (IAsyncEnumerable)
public async IAsyncEnumerable<Data> GetDataStreamAsync(
[EnumeratorCancellation] CancellationToken ct = default)
{
await foreach (var item in _source.ReadAllAsync(ct))
{
yield return await ProcessAsync(item);
}
}
// 소비
await foreach (var data in GetDataStreamAsync(ct))
{
Console.WriteLine(data);
}
5. 취소 토큰 (CancellationToken)
public async Task<Data> LoadDataAsync(CancellationToken ct = default)
{
ct.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
return await _httpClient.GetFromJsonAsync<Data>(url, ct);
}
// 타임아웃 설정
using var cts = new CancellationTokenSource(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));
await LongRunningOperationAsync(cts.Token);
6. 동시성 제어
private readonly SemaphoreSlim _semaphore = new(maxCount: 10);
public async Task ProcessWithThrottlingAsync(Data data)
{
await _semaphore.WaitAsync();
try
{
await ProcessAsync(data);
}
finally
{
_semaphore.Release();
}
}
7. 안티패턴
// ❌ async void 금지 (예외 처리 불가)
public async void BadMethod() { }
// ✅ async Task
public async Task GoodMethod() { }
// ❌ .Result, .Wait() 금지 (데드락 위험)
var result = GetDataAsync().Result;
// ✅ await 사용
var result = await GetDataAsync();
// ❌ 불필요한 async/await
public async Task<Data> GetDataAsync()
{
return await _repository.GetAsync();
}
// ✅ 직접 반환
public Task<Data> GetDataAsync()
{
return _repository.GetAsync();
}
8. 참고 문서
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