Agent skill
Currency and Timezone
Handling currency conversion, formatting, and timezone management for global applications to support users worldwide with local currency and time display.
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SKILL.md
Currency and Timezone
Current Level: Intermediate
Domain: Internationalization / Backend
Overview
Currency and timezone handling is essential for global applications. Effective currency and timezone management ensures users see prices and times in their local format, supports multi-currency payments, and complies with local regulations.
Why Currency and Timezone Matter
| Benefit | Description |
|---|---|
| Global Applications | Support users worldwide |
| User Expectations | Local currency and time |
| Business Requirements | Multi-currency payments |
| Compliance | Local regulations |
Timezone Fundamentals
UTC (Coordinated Universal Time)
Definition: The primary time standard by which the world regulates clocks and time.
Why Use UTC:
- Timezone-independent
- No daylight saving time issues
- Standard for data storage
Timezone Offsets
| City | Offset | UTC Time Example |
|---|---|---|
| New York | UTC-5 | 14:00 = 19:00 |
| London | UTC+0 | 14:00 = 14:00 |
| Bangkok | UTC+7 | 14:00 = 21:00 |
| Tokyo | UTC+9 | 14:00 = 23:00 |
Daylight Saving Time (DST)
Definition: Clocks set forward in spring and back in autumn.
Impact:
- Confusing time calculations
- Schedule meetings carefully
- Store in UTC, display locally
IANA Timezone Database
Format: Area/Location
| Timezone | Description |
|---|---|
America/New_York |
Eastern Time |
Europe/London |
UK Time |
Asia/Bangkok |
Indochina Time |
Asia/Tokyo |
Japan Time |
Storing Dates and Times
Always Store in UTC
sql
-- Good: Store in UTC
CREATE TABLE events (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
event_name VARCHAR(255),
event_time TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW()
);
-- Insert with explicit UTC
INSERT INTO events (event_name, event_time)
VALUES ('Meeting', '2024-01-15 14:00:00+00'::timestamp);
Database Types
| Database | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| PostgreSQL | TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE |
Stores with timezone info |
| MySQL | TIMESTAMP |
Stores in UTC (recommended) |
| SQL Server | DATETIMEOFFSET |
Stores with timezone offset |
PostgreSQL Timezone Handling
sql
-- Convert to UTC
SELECT event_time AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' FROM events;
-- Convert to user timezone
SELECT event_time AT TIME ZONE 'America/New_York' FROM events;
-- Extract timezone info
SELECT
event_time,
EXTRACT(TIMEZONE FROM event_time) AS timezone_offset
FROM events;
MySQL Timezone Handling
sql
-- Store in UTC
CREATE TABLE events (
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
event_name VARCHAR(255),
event_time TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);
-- Convert to UTC on insert
INSERT INTO events (event_name, event_time)
VALUES ('Meeting', CONVERT_TZ('2024-01-15 14:00:00', 'Asia/Bangkok', 'UTC'));
JavaScript Timezone Handling
Date Object
javascript
// Date object uses browser timezone
const now = new Date();
console.log(now.toString()); // Local time
console.log(now.toISOString()); // UTC time
Intl.DateTimeFormat
javascript
// Format date for user's timezone
const formatter = new Intl.DateTimeFormat('en-US', {
timeZone: 'America/New_York',
year: 'numeric',
month: 'long',
day: 'numeric',
hour: 'numeric',
minute: 'numeric',
timeZoneName: 'short'
});
console.log(formatter.format(new Date()));
// Output: January 15, 2024 at 9:00 AM EST
Libraries
| Library | Description |
|---|---|
| date-fns-tz | Timezone support for date-fns |
| Luxon | Modern date/time library |
| Day.js | Lightweight alternative to Moment.js |
| Moment.js | Deprecated, use alternatives |
date-fns-tz Example
javascript
import { format, utcToZonedTime, zonedTimeToUtc } from 'date-fns-tz';
import { utcToZonedTime } from 'date-fns-tz/utcToZonedTime';
// Convert UTC to user timezone
const utcDate = new Date('2024-01-15 14:00:00Z');
const userDate = utcToZonedTime(utcDate, 'America/New_York');
console.log(format(userDate, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss zzz'));
// Convert user timezone to UTC
const userDate = new Date('2024-01-15 09:00:00');
const utcDate = zonedTimeToUtc(userDate, 'America/New_York');
console.log(utcDate.toISOString());
Luxon Example
javascript
import { DateTime } from 'luxon';
// Create in UTC
const utcDate = DateTime.utc(2024, 1, 15, 14, 0, 0);
console.log(utcDate.toString()); // 2024-01-15T14:00:00.000Z
// Convert to user timezone
const userDate = utcDate.setZone('America/New_York');
console.log(userDate.toString()); // 2024-01-15T09:00:00.000-05:00
// Format for display
console.log(userDate.toFormat('yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss zzz')); // 2024-01-15 09:00:00 EST
Server-Side Timezone Handling
Python (pytz)
python
from datetime import datetime
import pytz
# Create timezone-aware datetime
utc_now = datetime.utcnow()
utc_tz = pytz.UTC.localize(utc_now)
# Convert to user timezone
user_tz = pytz.timezone('America/New_York')
user_now = utc_tz.astimezone(user_tz)
print(f"UTC: {utc_now}")
print(f"User: {user_now}")
Python (dateutil)
python
from datetime import datetime
from dateutil import tz
# Parse with timezone
user_date = datetime.strptime('2024-01-15 09:00:00', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
user_date = user_date.replace(tzinfo=tz.gettz('America/New_York'))
# Convert to UTC
utc_date = user_date.astimezone(tz.UTC)
print(f"User: {user_date}")
print(f"UTC: {utc_date}")
Node.js (date-fns-tz)
javascript
import { utcToZonedTime, format } from 'date-fns-tz';
// Convert UTC to user timezone
function formatForUser(utcDate, userTimezone) {
const userDate = utcToZonedTime(utcDate, userTimezone);
return format(userDate, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss zzz');
}
// Usage
const utcDate = new Date('2024-01-15 14:00:00Z');
const userTimezone = 'America/New_York';
console.log(formatForUser(utcDate, userTimezone));
Java (ZonedDateTime)
java
import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
import java.time.ZoneId;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
// Create in UTC
ZonedDateTime utcDate = ZonedDateTime.of(2024, 1, 15, 14, 0, 0, ZoneId.of("UTC"));
// Convert to user timezone
ZonedDateTime userDate = utcDate.withZoneSameInstant(ZoneId.of("America/New_York"));
// Format
DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss zzz");
System.out.println(userDate.format(formatter));
User Timezone Detection
Browser Detection
javascript
// Get user's timezone
const userTimezone = Intl.DateTimeFormat().resolvedOptions().timeZone;
console.log(userTimezone); // e.g., "America/New_York"
Server-Side Detection
javascript
// Accept from client
app.get('/api/timezone', (req, res) => {
const userTimezone = req.headers['x-user-timezone'] || req.query.timezone;
// Store in user profile
updateUserTimezone(req.user.id, userTimezone);
res.json({ timezone: userTimezone });
});
IP Geolocation (Fallback)
javascript
// Use IP to guess timezone
const axios = require('axios');
const geoip = require('geoip-lite');
async function getTimezoneFromIP(ip) {
const geo = geoip.lookup(ip);
if (geo && geo.timezone) {
return geo.timezone;
}
return 'UTC'; // Fallback
}
Common Timezone Patterns
User Sets Timezone in Profile
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Timezone Selection │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │
│ Select your timezone: │
│ ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ (●) UTC │ │
│ │ ( ) America/New_York │ │
│ │ ( ) Europe/London │ │
│ │ ( ) Asia/Bangkok │ │
│ │ ( ) Asia/Tokyo │ │
│ └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
│ │
│ [Save Settings] │
│ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Display All Dates in User's Timezone
javascript
// Convert UTC to user timezone for display
function formatDateTime(utcDate, userTimezone) {
return utcToZonedTime(utcDate, userTimezone)
.toFormat('yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss zzz');
}
// Usage
const eventDate = new Date('2024-01-15 14:00:00Z');
const userTimezone = getUserTimezone(userId);
console.log(formatDateTime(eventDate, userTimezone));
Convert User Timezone to UTC on Write
javascript
// Convert user input to UTC before storing
function parseUserDateTime(userDate, userTimezone) {
const parsed = new Date(userDate);
const userTz = tz.getTimezone(userTimezone);
const utcDate = tz.utc(parsed);
return utcDate.toJSDate();
}
// Usage
const userInput = '2024-01-15 09:00:00';
const userTimezone = 'America/New_York';
const utcDate = parseUserDateTime(userInput, userTimezone);
// Store utcDate in database
Timezone Edge Cases
DST Transitions
javascript
import { utcToZonedTime, format } from 'date-fns-tz';
// Handle DST transitions
function formatWithDST(utcDate, userTimezone) {
const userDate = utcToZonedTime(utcDate, userTimezone);
const isDST = userDate.isDST;
const formatted = format(userDate, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss zzz');
return `${formatted} ${isDST ? '(DST)' : ''}`;
}
// Example: Spring forward (2:30 AM doesn't exist)
const springDate = new Date('2024-03-10 07:00:00Z'); // 2:00 AM EST
console.log(formatWithDST(springDate, 'America/New_York'));
// Output: 2024-03-10 03:00:00 EDT (DST)
Ambiguous Times
javascript
// Handle ambiguous times (fall back)
function handleAmbiguousTime(utcDate, userTimezone) {
const userDate = utcToZonedTime(utcDate, userTimezone);
if (userDate.isAmbiguous) {
// Choose the earlier occurrence
return userDate.setZone('UTC');
}
return userDate;
}
// Example: Fall back (1:30 AM occurs twice)
const fallDate = new Date('2024-11-03 06:00:00Z'); // 1:00 AM EST
console.log(handleAmbiguousTime(fallDate, 'America/New_York'));
Non-Existent Times
javascript
// Handle non-existent times (spring forward)
function handleNonExistentTime(utcDate, userTimezone) {
const userDate = utcToZonedTime(utcDate, userTimezone);
if (!userDate.isValid) {
// Adjust to next valid time
return userDate.plus({ hours: 1 });
}
return userDate;
}
// Example: Spring forward (2:30 AM doesn't exist)
const springDate = new Date('2024-03-10 07:30:00Z'); // 2:30 AM EST
console.log(handleNonExistentTime(springDate, 'America/New_York'));
// Output: 3:30 AM EDT
Currency Fundamentals
Currency Codes (ISO 4217)
| Code | Name | Symbol | Decimal Places |
|---|---|---|---|
| USD | US Dollar | $ | 2 |
| EUR | Euro | € | 2 |
| GBP | British Pound | £ | 2 |
| JPY | Japanese Yen | ¥ | 0 |
| THB | Thai Baht | ฿ | 2 |
Currency Symbols
| Code | Symbol | Position |
|---|---|---|
| USD | $ | Prefix or suffix |
| EUR | € | Prefix or suffix |
| GBP | £ | Prefix |
| JPY | ¥ | Prefix |
| THB | ฿ | Prefix |
Decimal Precision
| Currency | Decimal Places | Example |
|---|---|---|
| USD | 2 | 99.99 |
| EUR | 2 | 99.99 |
| JPY | 0 | 100 |
| THB | 2 | 99.99 |
| BHD | 3 | 99.999 |
Storing Currency
Store Amount + Currency Code
sql
-- Good: Store amount and currency separately
CREATE TABLE prices (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
product_id INTEGER,
amount DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,
currency VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL,
created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT NOW()
);
INSERT INTO prices (product_id, amount, currency)
VALUES (1, 99.99, 'USD');
Use DECIMAL Type
sql
-- Bad: FLOAT (precision loss)
CREATE TABLE prices (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
amount FLOAT NOT NULL -- Precision issues!
);
-- Good: DECIMAL (exact precision)
CREATE TABLE prices (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
amount DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL -- Exact precision!
);
Example Schema
sql
CREATE TABLE orders (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
user_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
product_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
quantity INTEGER NOT NULL,
unit_price DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,
currency VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL,
total_amount DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,
created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT NOW()
);
Currency Formatting
Intl.NumberFormat
javascript
// Format currency for user's locale
const formatter = new Intl.NumberFormat('en-US', {
style: 'currency',
currency: 'USD',
minimumFractionDigits: 2
});
console.log(formatter.format(99.99)); // $99.99
// Different locale
const formatterEUR = new Intl.NumberFormat('de-DE', {
style: 'currency',
currency: 'EUR'
});
console.log(formatterEUR.format(99.99)); // 99,99 €
Different Formats by Locale
| Locale | Format | Example |
|---|---|---|
| en-US | 1,000.00 | $1,000.00 |
| de-DE | 1.000,00 | 1.000,00 € |
| fr-FR | 1 000,00 | 1 000,00 € |
| th-TH | 1,000.00 | ฿1,000.00 |
Symbol Position
javascript
// Symbol position varies by locale
const formatterUS = new Intl.NumberFormat('en-US', {
style: 'currency',
currency: 'USD'
});
console.log(formatterUS.format(100)); // $100.00
const formatterEU = new Intl.NumberFormat('de-DE', {
style: 'currency',
currency: 'EUR'
});
console.log(formatterEU.format(100)); // 100,00 €
Multi-Currency Support
Display Prices in User's Currency
javascript
// Exchange rate cache
const exchangeRates = {
USD: 1.0,
EUR: 0.85,
GBP: 0.75,
THB: 35.0
};
function convertCurrency(amount, fromCurrency, toCurrency) {
const rate = exchangeRates[toCurrency] / exchangeRates[fromCurrency];
return amount * rate;
}
function formatCurrency(amount, currency, locale) {
return new Intl.NumberFormat(locale, {
style: 'currency',
currency: currency
}).format(amount);
}
// Usage
const priceUSD = 99.99;
const userCurrency = 'THB';
const userLocale = 'th-TH';
const priceTHB = convertCurrency(priceUSD, 'USD', userCurrency);
console.log(formatCurrency(priceTHB, userCurrency, userLocale)); // ฿3,499.65
Store Prices in Base Currency
sql
-- Store in base currency (USD)
CREATE TABLE products (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
price_usd DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL
);
-- Convert on display
SELECT
name,
price_usd,
price_usd * 35.0 AS price_thb
FROM products;
Exchange Rate API
javascript
// Fetch exchange rates
async function getExchangeRates(baseCurrency) {
const response = await fetch(`https://api.exchangerate.host/latest?base=${baseCurrency}`);
const rates = await response.json();
return rates;
}
// Usage
const rates = await getExchangeRates('USD');
console.log(rates.rates.THB); // 35.0
Cache Exchange Rates
javascript
// Simple in-memory cache
const exchangeRateCache = {
rates: null,
timestamp: null,
ttl: 3600000 // 1 hour
};
async function getCachedExchangeRates(baseCurrency) {
const now = Date.now();
if (exchangeRateCache.timestamp &&
now - exchangeRateCache.timestamp < exchangeRateCache.ttl) {
return exchangeRateCache.rates;
}
const rates = await getExchangeRates(baseCurrency);
exchangeRateCache.rates = rates;
exchangeRateCache.timestamp = now;
return rates;
}
Currency Conversion
Base Currency
javascript
const BASE_CURRENCY = 'USD';
function convertToBase(amount, fromCurrency) {
const rate = exchangeRates[BASE_CURRENCY] / exchangeRates[fromCurrency];
return amount * rate;
}
function convertFromBase(amount, toCurrency) {
const rate = exchangeRates[toCurrency] / exchangeRates[BASE_CURRENCY];
return amount * rate;
}
Show Original Currency
javascript
// Tooltip with original currency
function formatPriceWithOriginal(amount, fromCurrency, toCurrency, locale) {
const converted = convertCurrency(amount, fromCurrency, toCurrency);
const formatted = formatCurrency(converted, toCurrency, locale);
const original = formatCurrency(amount, fromCurrency, locale);
return {
formatted,
original,
tooltip: `Original: ${original} (${fromCurrency})`
};
}
Let User Switch Currency
javascript
// Currency selector
function setCurrency(currency) {
localStorage.setItem('userCurrency', currency);
// Refresh page or update prices
}
function getUserCurrency() {
return localStorage.getItem('userCurrency') || 'USD';
}
// Usage
<select onchange="setCurrency(this.value)">
<option value="USD">USD ($)</option>
<option value="EUR">EUR (€)</option>
<option value="THB">THB (฿)</option>
</select>
Payment Processing
Charge in Customer's Currency
javascript
// Stripe example
const stripe = require('stripe')(process.env.STRIPE_SECRET_KEY);
async function createPayment(amount, currency) {
const paymentIntent = await stripe.paymentIntents.create({
amount: Math.round(amount * 100), // Convert to cents
currency: currency.toLowerCase(),
payment_method_types: ['card'],
});
return paymentIntent;
}
// Usage
createPayment(99.99, 'USD'); // Charge $99.99 USD
createPayment(3499.65, 'THB'); // Charge ฿3,499.65 THB
Payment Processor Support
| Processor | Currencies Supported |
|---|---|
| Stripe | 135+ currencies |
| PayPal | 100+ currencies |
| Braintree | 130+ currencies |
| Square | 135+ currencies |
Accounting Considerations
Precision
javascript
// Use DECIMAL for calculations
function calculateTotal(items) {
return items.reduce((total, item) => {
// Use precise arithmetic
return total + (item.price * item.quantity);
}, 0);
}
Rounding
javascript
// Banker's rounding (round to nearest even)
function roundBankers(amount) {
return Math.round(amount * 2) / 2;
}
// Standard rounding
function roundStandard(amount) {
return Math.round(amount);
}
// Currency-specific rounding
function roundCurrency(amount, currency) {
const decimals = currency === 'JPY' ? 0 : 2;
const multiplier = Math.pow(10, decimals);
return Math.round(amount * multiplier) / multiplier;
}
Libraries
JavaScript
| Library | Description |
|---|---|
| Intl API | Built-in browser/Node.js |
| dinero.js | Currency calculations |
| currency.js | Currency formatting |
| accounting.js | Precise financial calculations |
Python
| Library | Description |
|---|---|
| Babel | Internationalization |
| forex-python | Currency conversion |
| py-moneyed | Currency handling |
Java
| Library | Description |
|---|---|
| Joda-Money | Currency calculations |
| JSR 354 | Java currency API |
| ICU4J | Internationalization |
Common Mistakes
Using FLOAT for Currency
javascript
// Bad: Float precision loss
const price = 0.1 + 0.2; // 0.30000000000000004
// Good: Use decimal library
const { Dinero } = require('dinero.js');
const price = Dinero({ amount: 100, currency: 'USD' })
.add(Dinero({ amount: 200, currency: 'USD' }));
Not Storing Timezone with Dates
sql
-- Bad: No timezone info
CREATE TABLE events (
event_time TIMESTAMP NOT NULL -- Ambiguous!
);
-- Good: Store in UTC
CREATE TABLE events (
event_time TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL -- Explicit UTC
);
Assuming User is in Server Timezone
javascript
// Bad: Server timezone assumption
const eventDate = new Date('2024-01-15 14:00:00');
// Good: Convert to user timezone
const userTimezone = getUserTimezone(userId);
const eventDate = utcToZonedTime(new Date('2024-01-15 14:00:00Z'), userTimezone);
Hardcoding Currency Symbols
javascript
// Bad: Hardcoded symbol
const formatted = `$${price}`;
// Good: Use Intl API
const formatted = new Intl.NumberFormat('en-US', {
style: 'currency',
currency: 'USD'
}).format(price);
Implementation Examples
Timezone Conversion Function
javascript
import { utcToZonedTime, format } from 'date-fns-tz';
function formatDateTime(utcDate, userTimezone, userLocale) {
const userDate = utcToZonedTime(utcDate, userTimezone);
return format(userDate, 'PPP', {
locale: userLocale
});
}
// Usage
const utcDate = new Date('2024-01-15 14:00:00Z');
const userTimezone = 'America/New_York';
const userLocale = 'en-US';
console.log(formatDateTime(utcDate, userTimezone, userLocale));
// Output: January 15, 2024
Currency Formatter Component
javascript
import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
function CurrencyDisplay({ amount, currency, locale }) {
const [formatted, setFormatted] = useState('');
useEffect(() => {
const formatter = new Intl.NumberFormat(locale, {
style: 'currency',
currency: currency
});
setFormatted(formatter.format(amount));
}, [amount, currency, locale]);
return <span>{formatted}</span>;
}
// Usage
<CurrencyDisplay amount={99.99} currency="USD" locale="en-US" />
Multi-Currency Price Display
javascript
import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
function PriceDisplay({ priceUSD, userCurrency, userLocale }) {
const [localPrice, setLocalPrice] = useState(null);
useEffect(() => {
async function fetchAndConvert() {
const rates = await getCachedExchangeRates('USD');
const converted = priceUSD * rates.rates[userCurrency];
const formatted = new Intl.NumberFormat(userLocale, {
style: 'currency',
currency: userCurrency
}).format(converted);
setLocalPrice(formatted);
}
fetchAndConvert();
}, [priceUSD, userCurrency, userLocale]);
return (
<div>
<span title={`$${priceUSD.toFixed(2)} USD`}>
{localPrice}
</span>
</div>
);
}
Summary Checklist
Timezone
- Store all dates in UTC
- Convert to user timezone for display
- Handle DST transitions
- Handle ambiguous times
- Handle non-existent times
- Allow user to set timezone
Currency
- Store amount + currency code
- Use DECIMAL type (not FLOAT)
- Format with Intl API
- Support multiple currencies
- Cache exchange rates
- Handle rounding correctly
- Allow user to switch currency
---
## Quick Start
### Currency Formatting
```javascript
const formatter = new Intl.NumberFormat('en-US', {
style: 'currency',
currency: 'USD'
})
formatter.format(1234.56) // "$1,234.56"
Timezone Conversion
javascript
const date = new Date('2024-01-15T10:00:00Z')
// Convert to user timezone
const userTimezone = 'America/New_York'
const formatter = new Intl.DateTimeFormat('en-US', {
timeZone: userTimezone,
dateStyle: 'full',
timeStyle: 'long'
})
formatter.format(date) // "Monday, January 15, 2024 at 5:00:00 AM EST"
Production Checklist
- Currency Storage: Store prices in base currency
- Currency Conversion: Real-time or cached conversion rates
- Currency Formatting: Format according to locale
- Timezone Storage: Store all times in UTC
- Timezone Conversion: Convert to user timezone for display
- Date Formatting: Format dates according to locale
- User Preferences: Allow users to set currency and timezone
- API Integration: Integrate with currency exchange APIs
- Caching: Cache exchange rates
- Testing: Test with various locales
- Documentation: Document currency and timezone handling
- Compliance: Comply with local regulations
Anti-patterns
❌ Don't: Store in User Currency
javascript
// ❌ Bad - Store in user currency
const price = { amount: 100, currency: 'USD' } // User changes currency!
javascript
// ✅ Good - Store in base currency
const price = { amount: 100, currency: 'USD' } // Base currency
// Convert on display
const displayPrice = convertCurrency(price, userCurrency)
❌ Don't: Store Local Time
javascript
// ❌ Bad - Store local time
const createdAt = new Date('2024-01-15 10:00:00') // Which timezone?
javascript
// ✅ Good - Store UTC
const createdAt = new Date('2024-01-15T10:00:00Z') // UTC
// Convert on display
const displayTime = convertToUserTimezone(createdAt, userTimezone)
Integration Points
- i18n Setup (
25-internationalization/i18n-setup/) - Internationalization - Localization (
25-internationalization/localization/) - Content localization - Payment Gateways (
30-ecommerce/payment-gateways/) - Multi-currency payments
Further Reading
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